How, when and where are earth processes changing? The Earth System extends from magma beneath the crust to the upper layers of the atmosphere and supports all life, ecosystems and societies. Understanding the future of the Earth System depends on integrative research encompassing all constituent components. To understand the impact of change and adaptation, we first need to know what is changing, by how much and how this varies across time, different places and environments. Earth research questions include: How can we harness remote sensing and technological advances to record these patterns systematically over time and scale? Satelite image of the amazon by Encarni Medina-López Encarni satellite image of Cadiz, Spain How can we use tephrochronology to correlate and date geological, archaeological and palaeoenvironmental events? Andrew Dugmore pioneered the development of crypto tephrochronology in the UK. Tephrochronology is a dating method that uses volcanic ash (tephra) layers to correlate and date geological, archaeological, and palaeoenvironmental events. This footage is from... Adaptation is driven by shifts in the environment. Some of these changes will have little consequence, whereas others may have profound impacts. What commonalities lead to sustainable adaptation on earth? This article was published on 2025-07-02
